Student Teaching in Special Education

Classroom Organization
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Unfortunately, the professional responsibilities of a teacher involve more than just working with students.  In order to spend more time with the students it is essential that a teacher be organized.  He/she must systematically structure the shuffling of papers, the time spent in and out of the classroom, and the physical space where learning takes place.  The following is a collection of ideas to help with this organization.

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Organizing Paperwork

- Color-code everything, including files and student work.  Use different colored paper for each subject or class, so that you can easily identify related papers.  Use colored markers to label supplies for each of these groups.

- Assign numbers to each student.  Use these numbers to quickly label textbooks, sign out classroom library books, distribute supplies, etc.

- Use a plastic accordion folder to organize and store student work according to subject, class, or instructional period.  This can be easily transported between school and home, keeping papers neat and orderly.

- Keep an abundant supply of frequently used forms (attendance, hall passes, late slips, nurse referrals, lunch count, etc.) readily available. 

- Maintain a good filing system to organize special education student records, units of instruction, curricula documents, committee memos, student worksheets, holiday materials, journal articles, instructional supply catalogs, etc.  Clearly label the contents of each drawer and file folders alphabetically.  Be specific in labeling your file folders.  For example, instead of having a file called “Health,” make individual folders for “Exercise,” “Nutrition,” “Grooming,” etc.  As you work with the system, you may need to modify the organizational structure to meet your own needs.  Periodically cull your files to eliminate outdated and unnecessary papers.

- Keep copies of student IEP’s in a binder on your desk for quick reference and documentation purposes.  Record dates of instruction and assessment results right on the copy.

- Construct a table that integrates Special Education goals and objectives with your district curriculum and state standards.  This can serve as an easy reference when writing Educational Recommendations and IEP’s, and facilitate documentation of student progress.

- Date everything and keep in chronological order.  A rubber stamp with changeable dates is a good investment.

- Use stackable paper trays to organize papers for individual subjects or periods.  Other sets of stackable trays could be used to organize school announcements, department memos, committee documents, conference information, parent communications, paraprofessional assignments, notices that require immediate attention, and notices that will have to be read and filed later in the week.  Make it a habit to use the trays, rather than making one pile on your desk.

- File memos chronologically in a binder for easy reference.  Before filing, mark important dates/times on your calendar.

- Create an “in-box” where you can temporarily store informational memos, directives, and staff development documents that you get throughout the school day.  Try to read and file them at the end of each day.  Don’t let them pile up on your desk.

- Make a daily schedule template that includes routine duties, procedures, and activities.  That way you can create detailed daily plans by filling in the specific information.

- Organize your curricular materials, manuals, and handbooks for quick reference by tabbing frequently used pages.

- Complete an index card for each student, listing personal information, contact information, and other relevant data.  Keep them in a small file box on top of your desk, so that you can easily document classroom incidences, parent contacts, etc. throughout the school year.  Some teachers find that an index card is not large enough and prefer to use a one-page sheet on each student.  These could be kept in alphabetical order in a binder.

- Use a small file box to store student portfolios.  Not only do portfolios document student work, but they also serve as a tool to communicate with students, parents, and other teachers.

- Make templates for frequently used forms and letters.  These can be used to communicate with office staff, parents, paraprofessionals, students, and other teachers on such topics as: procedures, discipline, academics, field trips, progress reports, detention, warning letters, assignments, modifications/adaptations, etc.  You can make forms and letters such as: book report form, note to substitute, seating chart, homework chart, parent concern letter, etc.

- Create a spreadsheet listing each student’s name, address, phone number, and corresponding data for special education paperwork.

- Create a checklist that alphabetically lists the students in your classroom.  Skip a space between each name to accommodate new students.  Make several dozen copies and use them to record assignments submitted, parent contacts, projects completed, materials returned, etc.

- Make several sheets of labels with your name, class/program, school, and school address.  These can be used to quickly label classroom supplies and to complete forms.

- Teachers are often required to keep track of in-service programs and hours spent on professional training.  Use a 3-ring binder to do this.  Create a title page to document the date, topic, and number of hours spent in each session.  File the agenda and handouts for each program in the binder.

- Keep two trays or boxes for students to submit completed work and file homework assignments.  If space is limited, wall-mounted file trays might do the trick.

- Create “Work in Progress” folders for each student, so they have a place to store and retrieve unfinished work.  These folders can be filed in a milk crate or portable file that’s always available to the students.

- Make an “Extras Tray” for storing left over handouts and worksheets.  Students can use this tray to obtain a specific worksheet if they were absent or lose their copy.  Make sure you always keep one copy for yourself to use as a master copy.

- Make a “No Name - No Credit” box or tray where you place papers that students have submitted without a name.  Encourage students to periodically check the box for work that might be theirs.

- Make a flip card chart to record student information and anecdotal records by taping index cards in an overlapping step fashion onto a clipboard.  Write each students name on the bottom of each card, so you can still read each name.  It’s easy to flip through the cards to record specific data, and the information is covered by the other cards, protecting student privacy.

- When you see an idea that you like in a journal or magazine, cut it out and file it rather than keeping the whole magazine.  If it’s not your magazine, make a copy of the article to add to your files.

- When you check your mail, immediately prioritize items in order of urgency of response.  If you can respond with a few words, do so immediately and return to the sender.

- Create a “Classroom Assistant Notebook” in which you can place specific instructions and copies of forms that he/she will need to use while in your classroom.

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Organizing Time

- Keep a calendar on your desktop to quickly note important dates and times.  It’s a lot easier than opening your planner each time you have to check on something.

- Establish a signal to gain the students’ attention – raising your hand, rapping the tabletop, saying a special word, whistling, singing a special tune, turning the lights on/off, or some other cue that will always mean the same thing (stop, quiet, look at me).

- Keep a running list of items you’d like to purchase for next year.  Place the list in a convenient location, so that you can quickly update it when you get a new idea.  This will save time when it comes time to complete those requisition forms.

- Use a computer to monitor and complete special education documents.  Spreadsheet programs can help keep track of timelines and “blocks” of academic objectives can be developed for student IEP’s.

- Develop and follow classroom procedures to expedite routine tasks.  Teach and practice with the students specific procedures to follow when entering the classroom, completing work, using and returning classroom supplies, using centers, moving during transitions, getting assistance, etc.

- Try to adhere to your regular daily schedule as much as possible.  Routines create predictability and students thrive on knowing what will happen next.  It facilitates transitions and saves valuable instructional time.

- Give specific directions to the students to avoid unnecessary confusion.  Instead of saying, “Get ready for the spelling test.”  Say something like, “We are going to start the spelling test, so I’d like you to put your books and papers in

your desk, get out a pencil, face the front of the classroom.”

- Use a clock radio and a timer, so that you don’t become so absorbed in a classroom activity that you forget a special class, medication for a student, the end of a “time out,” or an assembly.

- Always carry a notepad and pen to jot down ideas, add to your to-do list, record names and contact information, note reminders, etc.

- Learn how to delegate responsibilities to assistants, volunteers, and students to save your time and energy for other tasks.  Paraprofessionals can work with small groups, tutor individual students, supervise learning centers, give make-up tests, read stories, and perform basic clerical responsibilities.  Volunteers can help with field trips, class parties, class projects, and special activities, as well as improve community relations.  Students can be trained to take attendance, distribute and collect classroom supplies, and help classmates with review activities.  Try not to do things for students that they can do themselves.

- Make project checklists (based on assessment rubrics) for students so they can check their own work.  This enables students to take responsibility for their own learning and frees up teacher time.

- Collaborate and share responsibilities with colleagues.  Take turns developing units and making instructional materials.  Share your expertise and draw on that of others.

- Use non-teaching times (recess, study halls, lunch, planning periods, etc.) throughout the school day to get caught up on work-related reading. 

- Establish a morning routine that gets students involved in an independent activity the minute they enter the classroom.  A word problem, review activity, reading assignment can give you a few extra minutes to get organized for the day.

- Keep a running list of things you have to do.  Prioritize these tasks in order of importance each morning.  Check each item as you complete the task, so that you can feel a sense of accomplishment.  Make a “to do” list for the next school day before leaving school. 

- Computerize as many school tasks as possible: record keeping, grades, lesson plans, worksheets, tests, behavioral documentation, parent contacts, etc.

- Use the computer to create a database of student information.  Use this data base to make name tags, birthday cards, label student supplies, locker tags, class lists, etc.

- Use class time to complete some of the grading.  Whenever possible, correct assignments as the students turn them in, while other students are still working on the assignment or test.  Devise a system where the students can correct their own and/or other students’ work.

- Develop procedures to keep track of students entering and leaving your classroom, so that you’re always aware of the students under your direction.  Use a sign in/out sheet, in/out pocket chart, etc. to keep track of students without disrupting instruction.

- Become familiar with internet lesson plan sites that fit your program and grade level.  These lessons can be used “as is” or modified to suit your needs.  Either way they save planning time.

- Know when to say “no” to requests for additional responsibilities.  Sometimes it is necessary to agree to perform extra tasks, but there are times when you can politely say that you can’t accept additional responsibilities at this time.  Don’t over extend yourself unless you absolutely must.

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Organizing Physical Space

- Place your desk in a location that facilitates its use in the classroom.  If you intend to use it for instructional activities, place it in a convenient location.  If you only plan to use your desk for storage and a place to sit after and before school, keep it off to the side.  Give yourself a “good view” of the classroom from your desk, but not in the way of normal traffic.  Keep it close to filing cabinets, shelves, and frequently used supplies.  Organize the top of your desk so that it “works” for you.

- Store instructional materials in the area of the classroom where they are most frequently used.

- When placing student desks/tables, consider: visibility of blackboard and screen, window glare and distractions, access to frequently used materials, traffic patterns, stations, and small group space.

- Designate specific areas for group work.

- Post classroom rules and procedures.

- Use storage bins, old paper boxes, small file boxes, etc. to organize instructional units.  The plans and associated materials can all be kept together to facilitate teaching that unit in the future.

- Use small washtubs to store manipulatives and classroom supplies.  You can label the end with markers and stack them on top of each other.

- Create student storage areas to hold textbooks, dictionaries, notebooks, projects, etc. that do not have to be stored in their desks.

- Use portable dividers and bookshelves to make sections in the classroom.  But, be careful not to create areas that will be difficult to monitor student behavior.

- Teach students the importance of organizing their own materials, so you don’t have to wait for individual students to find needed supplies.  Help them organize their notebooks and desks

- Label everything you loan to colleagues and students.  Often people simply forget to whom something belongs when it is time to return it.  If the item gets lost in the daily shuffle, the odds are better that it will be returned if your name is on it.

- Keep an inventory of basic supplies in your classroom, so you don’t have to run to a central supply location each time you need something.  Store different kinds of handwriting paper, construction paper, art supplies, pencils, chalk, markers, etc. where you can easily get what you need.

- Clean house at least once a year, discarding items that you don’t need or haven’t used in the past year.

Teaching involves massive amounts of paperwork that needs to be read, completed, shuffled, submitted, graded, distributed and filed.  A teacher needs to be organized to avoid becoming buried in the process.  Good systems and procedures will help a teacher locate papers and materials when they are needed.  The above list of suggestions is intended to help a beginning teacher get started in this direction.  In addition a new teacher should observe and talk to his/her colleagues, always being watchful for new ideas to organize and save time.

 

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© 2008 Barbara E. Olsen All Rights Reserved.